Frontiers of Applied Mathematics

Frontiers of Applied Mathematics: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium
226 pages | Djvu | 5,3 MB

This volume brings together articles on the mathematical aspects of life sciences, astrophysics, and nonlinear wave problems. It covers theoretical problems associated with the nervous system, drosophila embryos, protein folding, biopolymers, protoplanetary disks and extrasolar planets, gaseous disks, spiral galaxies, dark matter dynamics, star formation, solitary waves, photonics, and nonlinear light propagation in periodic media. The contributions are written for a general audience, and the authors have included references for further reading.

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Stochastic Calculus: A Practical Introduction

Stochastic Calculus: A Practical Introduction
41 pages | PDF | 22,5 MB.

This compact yet thorough text zeros in on the parts of the theory that are particularly relevant to applications . It begins with a description of Brownian motion and the associated stochastic calculus, including their relationship to partial differential equations. It solves stochastic differential equations by a variety of methods and studies in detail the one-dimensional case. The book concludes with a treatment of semigroups and generators, applying the theory of Harris chains to diffusions, and presenting a quick course in weak convergence of Markov chains to diffusions. The presentation is unparalleled in its clarity and simplicity. Whether your students are interested in probability, analysis, differential geometry or applications in operations research, physics, finance, or the many other areas to which the subject applies, you'll find that this text brings together the material you need to effectively and efficiently impart the practical background they need.

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Cycle Representations of Markov Processes

Cycle Representations of Markov Processes
(Stochastic Modelling and Applied Probability)
Pages: 301

This book is a prototype providing new insight into Markovian dependence via the cycle decompositions. It presents a systematic account of a class of stochastic processes known as cycle (or circuit) processes - so-called because they may be defined by directed cycles. These processes have special and important properties through the interaction between the geometric properties of the trajectories and the algebraic characterization of the Markov process. An important application of this approach is the insight it provides to electrical networks and the duality principle of networks. In particular, it provides an entirely new approach to infinite electrical networks and their applications in topics as diverse as random walks, the classification of Riemann surfaces, and to operator theory.

The second edition of this book adds new advances to many directions, which reveal wide-ranging interpretations of the cycle representations like homologic decompositions, orthogonality equations, Fourier series, semigroup equations, and disintegration of measures. The versatility of these interpretations is consequently motivated by the existence of algebraic-topological principles in the fundamentals of the cycle representations. This book contains chapter summaries as well as a number of detailed illustrations.

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Self-Dual Codes and Invariant Theory

Self-Dual Codes and Invariant Theory
(Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics)
430 pages | PDF | 2,8 MB

One of the most remarkable and beautiful theorems in coding theory is Gleason's 1970 theorem about the weight enumerators of self-dual codes and their connections with invariant theory. In the past 35 years there have been hundreds of papers written about generalizations and applications of this theorem to different types of codes. This self-contained book develops a new theory which is powerful enough to include all the earlier generalizations.

It is also in part an encyclopedia that gives a very extensive list of the different types of self-dual codes and their properties, including tables of the best codes that are presently known. Besides self-dual codes, the book also discusses two closely-related subjects, lattices and modular forms, and quantum error-correcting codes.

This book, written by the leading experts in the subject, has no equivalent in the literature and will be of great interest to mathematicians, communication theorists, computer scientists and physicists.

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Association Schemes: Designed Experiments, Algebra and Combinatorics

Association Schemes: Designed Experiments, Algebra and Combinatorics
Pages: 406

R.A. Bailey covers in this study the mathematics of association schemes--an area lying between pure mathematics and statistics that relates to the optimal design of scientific experiments. The book is accessible to mathematicians as well as statisticians. Arising from a graduate course taught by the author, it appeals to students as well as researchers as a valuable reference work from which to learn about the statistical /combinatorial aspects of their work.

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Analytic Hyperbolic Geometry

Analytic Hyperbolic Geometry
Pages: 484

This is the first book on analytic hyperbolic geometry, fully analogous to analytic Euclidean geometry. Analytic hyperbolic geometry regulates relativistic mechanics just as analytic Euclidean geometry regulates classical mechanics. The book presents a novel gyrovector space approach to analytic hyperbolic geometry, fully analogous to the well-known vector space approach to Euclidean geometry. A gyrovector is a hyperbolic vector. Gyrovectors are equivalence classes of directed gyrosegments that add according to the gyroparallelogram law just as vectors are equivalence classes of directed segments that add according to the parallelogram law. In the resulting “gyrolanguage” of the book one attaches the prefix “gyro” to a classical term to mean the analogous term in hyperbolic geometry. The prefix stems from Thomas gyration, which is the mathematical abstraction of the relativistic effect known as Thomas precession. Gyrolanguage turns out to be the language one needs to articulate novel analogies that the classical and the modern in this book share. The scope of analytic hyperbolic geometry that the book presents is cross-disciplinary, involving nonassociative algebra, geometry and physics. As such, it is naturally compatible with the special theory of relativity and, particularly, with the nonassociativity of Einstein velocity addition law. Along with analogies with classical results that the book emphasizes, there are remarkable disanalogies as well. Thus, for instance, unlike Euclidean triangles, the sides of a hyperbolic triangle are uniquely determined by its hyperbolic angles. Elegant formulas for calculating the hyperbolic side-lengths of a hyperbolic triangle in terms of its hyperbolic angles are presented in the book. The book begins with the definition of gyrogroups, which is fully analogous to the definition of groups. Gyrogroups, both gyrocommutative and nongyrocommutative, abound in group theory. Surprisingly, the seemingly structureless Einstein velocity addition of special relativity turns out to be a gyrocommutative gyrogroup operation. Introducing scalar multiplication, some gyrocommutative gyrogroups of gyrovectors become gyrovector spaces. The latter, in turn, form the setting for analytic hyperbolic geometry just as vector spaces form the setting for analytic Euclidean geometry. By hybrid techniques of differential geometry and gyrovector spaces, it is shown that Einstein (Möbius) gyrovector spaces form the setting for Beltrami–Klein (Poincaré) ball models of hyperbolic geometry. Finally, novel applications of Möbius gyrovector spaces in quantum computation, and of Einstein gyrovector spaces in special relativity, are presented.

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Advanced Algebra

Advanced Algebra
Pages: 736

Basic Algebra and Advanced Algebra systematically develop concepts and tools in algebra that are vital to every mathematician, whether pure or applied, aspiring or established. Together, the two books give the reader a global view of algebra and its role in mathematics as a whole.

Key topics and features of Advanced Algebra:

*Topics build upon the linear algebra, group theory, factorization of ideals, structure of fields, Galois theory, and elementary theory of modules as developed in Basic Algebra

 *Chapters treat various topics in commutative and noncommutative algebra, providing introductions to the theory of associative algebras, homological algebra, algebraic number theory, and algebraic geometry

 *Sections in two chapters relate the theory to the subject of Gröbner bases, the foundation for handling systems of polynomial equations in computer applications

 *Text emphasizes connections between algebra and other branches of mathematics, particularly topology and complex analysis

*Book carries on two prominent themes recurring in Basic Algebra: the analogy between integers and polynomials in one variable over a field, and the relationship between number theory and geometry

*Many examples and hundreds of problems are included, along with hints or complete solutions for most of the problems

*The exposition proceeds from the particular to the general, often providing examples well before a theory that incorporates them; it includes blocks of problems that illuminate aspects of the text and introduce additional topics

Advanced Algebra presents its subject matter in a forward-looking way that takes into account the historical development of the subject. It is suitable as a text for the more advanced parts of a two-semester first-year graduate sequence in algebra. It requires of the reader only a familiarity with the topics developed in Basic Algebra.

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